Biomarkers that have proven to be predictors of immunotherapy responses in melanoma patients have also been shown to be clinically relevant in breast cancer patients. Clinical cancer research..
This study found that this biomarker, a molecule called major histocompatibility complex class II protein (MHC-II), Immunotherapy Two types of benefits chest Cancer-Early triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and high-risk estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer (HR +) when expressed in breast cancer cells.
Immunotherapy may be prescribed immediately with chemotherapy for these breast cancers prior to surgery, but most patients do not need additional immunotherapy to achieve a therapeutic response. Without optimal biomarkers, clinicians have no reliable way to identify which patients need immunotherapy and which do not.
Clinical trials of MHC-II expression can protect breast cancer patients who do not require immunotherapy from possible treatment complications and additional costs. Immunotherapy is expensive and highly toxic.
Justin Barco, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Medicine and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology. Invented and designed this study.
“These discoveries are particularly exciting to us, as they can provide a better way to personalize our treatment if validated. Breast cancer patients. So far, typical biomarkers such as PD-L1 expression and the number of immune cells in tumors have not worked well to identify patients in need of immunotherapy. ” The lead author, Barco, said.
“It’s easy to perform tests on patient tissue samples obtained for diagnosis, without the need for additional intervention,” added Paula Gonzalez Ericsson, lead author of the study.
Balko et al. Analyzed tissue samples provided by three patient cohorts.
Breast cancer patients not treated with immunotherapy
TNBC patients treated with immunotherapy durvalumab and standard chemotherapy
Patients with HER2-negative breast cancer treated with either standard chemotherapy or standard chemotherapy and immunotherapy pembrolizumab.
They express MHC-II in the primary TNBC and HR + breast cancer subgroups, and tumor MHC-II expression is associated with standard chemotherapy and the response of durvalumab or pembrolizumab, but standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Confirmed that it is not related to itself.
“Finding an association with early-stage high-risk HR + patient response may allow MHC-II to be a useful tool in the broader context of breast cancer, and this area will benefit from further research. It suggests deafness,” said the co-author. Dr. Kim Brenman, MS, Associate Professor of Medicine, Yale University.
This study is considered to be the first to evaluate and demonstrate the predictive ability of tumor MHC-II to the immunotherapy-specific benefits of breast cancer patients. Researchers also suggest that MHC-II may be a pancancer biomarker predictor of anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy because its clinical association has been demonstrated in melanoma and breast.
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