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Robot performs laparoscopic surgery without guiding hand of a human

February 2, 2022 by Editor Leave a Comment

By Catherine Graham, Johns Hopkins University

In four experiments on pig tissues, the robot excelled at suturing two ends of intestine – one of the most intricate and delicate tasks in abdominal surgery

A robot has performed laparoscopic surgery on the soft tissue of a pig without the guiding hand of a human – a significant step toward fully automated surgery on humans.

Designed by a team of Johns Hopkins University researchers, the Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot, or STAR, is described today in Science Robotics.

Senior author Axel Krieger, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Johns Hopkins’ Whiting School of Engineering, says: “Our findings show that we can automate one of the most intricate and delicate tasks in surgery: the reconnection of two ends of an intestine. [Read more…] about Robot performs laparoscopic surgery without guiding hand of a human

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Filed Under: Health, News Tagged With: designed, ends, engineering, high, hopkins, human, humans, intestine, johns, kang, krieger, laparoscopic, patient, performed, precision, procedure, robot, soft, star, surgery, surgical, system, tasks, team, tissue

World-first facility ‘will change the way we design and construct major infrastructure’

January 26, 2022 by Editor Leave a Comment

High performance shaking tables and deep soil pit will cut financial and environmental costs whilst ensuring resilience of high-value infrastructure

The new UKCRIC Soil-Foundation-Structure Interaction (SoFSI) facility is a one-of-a-kind facility that promises to deliver major cost savings and reduce the carbon cost of high-value infrastructure projects such as High Speed 2 (HS2), bridges and offshore wind farms.

The centre, located at Bristol University, western England, officially opens tomorrow, Thursday 27 January.

The University of Bristol received £12 million from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) for the construction of the SoFSI Laboratory at its Langford Campus to enable large, close to prototype scale experiments for use by both academics and industry. [Read more…] about World-first facility ‘will change the way we design and construct major infrastructure’

Filed Under: Environment, News Tagged With: bridges, bristol, building, cost, design, dynamic, engineering, facility, high, improve, infrastructure, interact, rail, shaking, sofsi, soil, speed, testing, university

Desolination: Unique energy and water project combines solar power and desalination

August 19, 2021 by Editor

A unique, €10 million European “Desolination” project, involving 19 partners and 12 countries, aims to develop a first-of-its-kind efficient coupling of concentrated solar power and desalination techniques.

The Horizon 2020 Desolination project started in June, this year and will last 48 months until May 2025.

During this time, innovative technologies related to both concentrated solar power and desalination will be designed to improve the efficiency of existing concepts. [Read more…] about Desolination: Unique energy and water project combines solar power and desalination

Filed Under: Energy, Features Tagged With: arabia, built, concentrated, coupling, desalination, desolination, high, low-cost, power, project, prototype, saudi, solar, technologies, time, unique, water

Russian researchers present ultra-precise brain imaging tool

August 19, 2021 by Editor

A joint team from the Russian Quantum Center, Skoltech, and the Higher School of Economics has presented a novel supersensitive solid-state magnetometer operating at room temperature. The researchers for the first time used it to detect and record brain electrical activity with a technique called magnetoencephalography, which could become dozens of times cheaper with the new device. The paper was published in Human Brain Mapping.

High accuracy is a key advantage of magnetoencephalography (MEG) over other similar techniques used for studying the electrical activity of the brain. Biological tissues are transparent for magnetic fields. However, only a very limited number of laboratories around the world have MEG equipment, which uses either extremely cold liquid helium or high-temperature gas and is very expensive and difficult to manufacture.

A team from the Russian Quantum Center (RQC) developed a new sensor using yttrium-iron garnet films. This is the first solid-state supersensitive room-temperature magnetometer in the world. It is based on a quantum sensor and is capable of registering very weak or deep electrical sources in the brain. Owing to its wide dynamic range, the device requires less magnetic shielding, which means a lower cost of both the hardware and the entire research infrastructure. [Read more…] about Russian researchers present ultra-precise brain imaging tool

Filed Under: Brain, News Tagged With: accuracy, activity, based, brain, center, device, economics, electrical, high, higher, including, magnetic, magnetometer, meg, quantum, researchers, russian, school, sensor, sensors, skoltech, solid-state, systems, team

New study shows Transcendental Meditation reduces emotional stress and improves academics

July 30, 2021 by Editor

Students who participated in a meditation-based Quiet Time program utilizing the Transcendental Meditation (TM) technique for four months had significant improvements in overall emotional stress symptoms, quality of sleep, and English Language Arts (ELA) academic achievement according to a new randomized controlled trial published last month in Education.

The study was conducted by researchers from the Center for Wellness and Achievement in Education and Stanford University. This was the first randomized control trial to investigate the effects of TM on standardized academic tests.

“Students have been experiencing increased levels of stress and it’s impacting their academic performance,” said Laurent Valosek, lead author of the study and Executive Director of the Center for Wellness and Achievement in Education. [Read more…] about New study shows Transcendental Meditation reduces emotional stress and improves academics

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Filed Under: Education, Features Tagged With: academic, academics, achievement, control, education, emotional, health, high, meditation, outcomes, reading, report, school, stress, students, study, teens, transcendental

At what temperature does the weather becomes a problem

July 20, 2021 by Editor

“We have studied which temperatures are preferable and which are harmful in humans, cattle, pigs, poultry, and agricultural crops and found that they are surprisingly similar,” says Senthold Asseng, Professor of Digital Agriculture at TUM. According to the study, preferable temperatures range from 17 to 24 degrees Celsius.

When does it become too hot for humans?

At high humidity, mild heat strain for humans begins at about 23 degrees Celsius and at low humidity at 27 degrees Celsius.

“If people are exposed to temperatures above 32 degrees Celsius at extremely high humidity or above 45 degrees Celsius at extremely low humidity for a lengthy period of time, it can be fatal,” says Prof. Asseng. [Read more…] about At what temperature does the weather becomes a problem

Filed Under: Life, News Tagged With: asseng, celsius, crops, degrees, heat, high, humans, humidity, percent, strain, stress, temperatures

Separating natural and man-made pollutants in the air

June 28, 2021 by Editor

COVID-19 has changed the world in unimaginable ways. Some have even been positive, with new vaccines developed in record time. Even the extraordinary lockdowns, which have had severe effects on movement and commerce, have had beneficial effects on the environment and therefore, ironically, on health.

Studies from all around the world, including China, Europe and India, have found major drops in the level of air pollution. However, to fully understand the impact of anthropogenic causes, it is important to separate them from natural events in the atmosphere like wind flow.

To demonstrate this point, a new study by researchers at the Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Japan, uses satellite data and mathematical modeling to explain just how great the lockdown effect on nitrogen oxides has been in Delhi, India, one of the world’s most polluted cities, and its surrounding area. This study was carried out under the activity named “Mission DELHIS (Detection of Emission Change of air pollutants: Human Impact Studies)” as a part of RIHN project, Aakash (meaning “Sky” in Hindi, originated from Sanskrit). [Read more…] about Separating natural and man-made pollutants in the air

Filed Under: Environment, Features Tagged With: activities, air, anthropogenic, atmosphere, atmospheric, chemical, effects, emissions, explain, findings, hayashida, high, impact, levels, lockdown, natural, nitrogen, oxides, pollution, researchers, satellite, study, urban, wind

Bringing order to hydrogen energy devices

June 4, 2021 by Editor

Researchers at Kyoto University’s Institute for Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS) have developed a new approach to speed up hydrogen atoms moving through a crystal lattice structure at lower temperatures. They reported their findings in the journal Science Advances.

“Improving hydrogen transport in solids could lead to more sustainable sources of energy,” says Hiroshi Kageyama of iCeMS who led the study.

Negatively charged hydrogen “anions” can move very quickly through a solid ‘hydride’ material, which consists of hydrogen atoms attached to other chemical elements. [Read more…] about Bringing order to hydrogen energy devices

Filed Under: Chemistry, Research Tagged With: anions, conductivity, energy, high, hydride, hydrogen, ionic, kageyama, lattice, material, structure, temperature, temperatures

Amazon indigenous group’s lifestyle may hold a key to slowing down aging

May 27, 2021 by Editor

A team of international researchers has found that the Tsimane indigenous people of the Bolivian Amazon experience less brain atrophy than their American and European peers. The decrease in their brain volumes with age is 70% slower than in Western populations. Accelerated brain volume loss can be a sign of dementia.

The study was published May 26, 2021 in the Journal of Gerontology, Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences.

Although people in industrialized nations have access to modern medical care, they are more sedentary and eat a diet high in saturated fats. In contrast, the Tsimane have little or no access to health care but are extremely physically active and consume a high-fiber diet that includes vegetables, fish and lean meat. [Read more…] about Amazon indigenous group’s lifestyle may hold a key to slowing down aging

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Filed Under: Brain, Life Tagged With: age, atrophy, brain, health, high, inflammation, lifestyle, populations, risk, study, tsimane

Following nature’s cue, researchers build successful, sustainable industrial networks

April 28, 2021 by Editor

By translating the pattern of interconnections between nature’s food chains to industrial networks, researchers at Texas A&M University have delineated guidelines for setting up successful industrial communities.

The researchers said this guidance can facilitate economic growth, lower emissions and reduce waste while simultaneously ensure that partnering industries can recover from unexpected disturbances.

“Industries can often partner up to exchange byproducts and over time these industries might form bigger communities. While these networks sound quite beneficial to all industry partners within the community, they are not always successful,” said Dr. Astrid Layton, assistant professor in the J. Mike Walker’ 66 Department of Mechanical Engineering. [Read more…] about Following nature’s cue, researchers build successful, sustainable industrial networks

Filed Under: Industry, News Tagged With: benefit, connected, disturbances, food, high, industries, industry, layton, nature's, nestedness, networks, researchers, successful, waste, webs, work

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